Device for collecting a biological sample

ABSTRACT

A device for collecting a biological sample in a patient includes a collection portion having a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion. The second axial end portion has a collapsed position and an expanded position. The second axial end portion moves in an axial direction relative to the first axial end portion when the second axial end portion moves between the collapsed position and the expanded position. The second axial end portion extends axially into the first axial end portion and has a concave shape when in the collapsed position. The second axial end portion is convex when in the expanded position.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/405,634, filed May 7, 2019, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/103,638, filed Jun. 10, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,660,621, which is a U.S. 371 National Stage of PCT/US2014/070060, filed Dec. 12, 2014, which claims priority to and the benefit of Provisional Application No. 61/915,029, filed Dec. 12, 2013, the subject matter of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

GOVERNMENT SUPPORT

This invention was made with government support under Grant Nos. P50CA150964, UO1CA152756, U54CA163060 awarded by The National Institutes of Health. The United States government has certain rights to the invention.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a device for collecting a biological sample, and more specifically, to a device for collecting a biological sample, such as tissue, cells, protein, RNA and/or DNA from an esophagus of a patient.

A known issue collection device includes an expandable device with longitudinally extending folds. The expandable device expands radially at a collection site within a body lumen, such as an esophagus. After the device is expanded, tissue is collected from the collection site. The expandable device is deflated after tissue is collected. The folds trap collected tissue when the device is deflated after collection of tissue. The known tissue collection device may be inserted through an endoscope to the collection site or via standard catheter intubation techniques.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a device for collection a biological a sample in a patient. The device includes a collection portion having a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion. The second axial end portion has a collapsed position and an expanded position. The second axial end portion moves in an axial direction relative to the first axial end portion when the second axial end portion moves between the collapsed position and the expanded position.

In another aspect of the present invention, a device for collecting a biological sample in a patient includes a collection portion having a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion. The second axial end portion has a collapsed position and an expanded position. The second axial end portion extends axially into the first axial end portion and has a concave shape when in the collapsed position. The second axial end portion is convex when in the expanded position.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention relates upon reading the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic pictorial view of a biological sample collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic pictorial view of the collection device of FIG. 1 shown in a collapsed position;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the collection device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a projection or bristle of the collection device

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the projection taken along the line 5-5 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic pictorial view of a collection device constructed in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic pictorial view of a collection device constructed in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic pictorial view of a collection device constructed in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side view of a projection of the collection device of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic pictorial view of a collection device constructed in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic pictorial view of a collection device constructed in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of a collection device constructed in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view of a collection device constructed in accordance with an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view of the collection device of FIG. 13 shown in a collapsed position; and

FIG. 15 is a schematic pictorial view of a collection device constructed in accordance with a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED OF THE INVENTION

A collection device 10 for the collecting a biological sample constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1-5. The collection device 10 may used to collect tissue, cells, protein, RNA and/or DNA from a body lumen, such as an esophagus of a patient. The tissue, cells, protein, RNA and/or DNA collected from the esophagus may be used in any one of the methods disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/109,041, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/670,155, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/263,020, U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,642,271, 8,481,707, 8,415,100, 8,221,977, 7,964,353, and 7,485,420, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

The collection device 10 includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 12. The collection portion 12 has a first or proximal axial end portion 14 and a second or distal axial end portion 16. The proximal axial end portion 14 and the distal axial end portion 16 may be made of a flexible polymer, such as silicone or polyurethane. The distal axial end portion 16 has a lower durometer than the proximal axial end portion 14. The distal axial end portion 16 may expand and contract. The first or proximal axial end portion 14 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 14 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 14 and the second axial end portion 16 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desire manner. Although the proximal end portion 14 is illustrated as having a cylindrical shape, the proximal end portion may have any desired shape.

The proximal axial end portion 14 is connected to a support member 20, such as a catheter. The support member 20 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 12. The proximal axial end portion 14 conducts fluid, such as air, from the support member 20 to the distal axial end portion 16. A proximal end of the support 20 may be connected to a stopcock and syringe to control the injection of fluid to move the distal end portion 16 between the collapsed and expanded positions. The support 20 resists collapsing when a vacuum is applied to the support member and resists stretching during withdrawal of the collection device 10 from the collection site.

The second or distal end portion 16 of the collection portion 12 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 1) and a collapsed or deflated position (FIGS. 2-3). The expanded position shown in FIG. 1 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 16. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 16 may expand more than shown in FIG. 1 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example. The distal end portion 16 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 1, when in the expanded or inflated position. The distal end portion 16 may extend radially outward a greater distance than the proximal end portion 14 when in the expanded position.

The distal end portion 16 extends into the first or proximal axial end portion 14 and has a concave shape, shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when in the collapsed or deflated position. The distal end portion 16 may be inverted when in the collapsed position. The distal end portion 16 extends axially into the interior of the proximal end portion 14 when in the collapsed or deflated position. Therefore, the distal end portion 16 moves axially or longitudinally relative to the proximal end portion 14 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The distal end portion 16 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner.

The proximal end portion 14 has a relatively high durometer so that the proximal end portion does not collapse when a vacuum is applied to the proximal end portion through the support 20. The shape of the proximal end portion 14 does not change when the distal end portion 16 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 14 does not move radially when the distal end portion 16 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 16 of the collection portion 12 may be connected to the proximal end portion 14 by a circumferentially extending hinge 30. The hinge 30 may be a fold. The hinge 30 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 12. The hinge 30 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 12 when the distal end portion 16 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 16 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 12 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 16 has an outer surface 32 for collecting tissue when the distal portion is in the expanded position. The outer surface 32 faces radially outwardly when the distal end portion 16 is in the expanded position and may face radially inwardly when the distal end portion is in the collapsed or inverted position. It is contemplated that the outer surface 32 of the distal end portion 16 may have any desired construction for collecting tissue. The outer surface 32 of the distal end portion 16 may have a plurality of projections or bristles 40 for collecting tissue. The distal end portion 16 may have any desired number of projections or bristles 40.

The projections or bristles 40 may have a V-shape (FIG. 4). Each projection 40 has a first side 42 and a second side 44 extending from an intersection 48. The first and second sides 42, 44 extend in a generally proximal direction from the intersection 48 when the distal end portion 16 is in the expanded position (FIG. 1). The first and second sides 42, 44 extend in a generally distal direction when the distal end portion 16 is in the collapsed or inverted position (FIGS. 2 and 3). The first and second sides 42, 44 define a cup 50 for receiving collected biological samples. The cup 50 faces in a proximal direction when the distal portion 16 is in the expanded position and faces in a distal direction when the distal portion is in the collapsed position.

The first and second sides 42, 44 may extend at an angle of approximately 90° relative to each other. It is contemplated that the first and second sides 42 and 44 may extend at any desired angle relative to each other. The desired angle may be determined based on the type of biological sample to be collected. Alternatively, the projections 40 may be cup shaped or have a semi-circular shape.

Each of the projections or bristles 40 has side walls 54 and 56 (FIG. 5) that extend radially outward from the outer surface 32 when the distal portion 16 is in the expanded position. The side walls 54 and 56 extend from the outer surface 32 to a radially outer surface 58 of the projection 40. The side walls 54 and 56 taper toward each other as the side walls extend from the outer surface 32 toward the radially outer surface 58 of the projection 40. It is contemplated that the side walls 54 and 56 may not taper toward each other.

The distal end portion 16 may include a plurality of projections or bristles 60 (FIG. 1) extending from a distal portion of the distal end portion 16. The projections 60 have the same general V-shape as the projections 40 and are smaller than the projections 40. The projections 60 have first and second sides 62 and 64 that have a length smaller than the first and second sides 42, 44 of the projections 40.

The projections or bristles 40, 60 are arranged in circumferentially extending rows (FIG. 1). It is contemplated that each row has six projections 40 or 60. It is contemplated that each of the rows may have any desired number of projections 40 or 60. Each of the projections 40, 60 is circumferentially offset from the projections on an adjacent row. Ribs 66 extend circumferentially between adjacent projections 40, 60 in each row. The ribs 66 extend between ends of the sides walls 54, 56 opposite the intersections 48.

The collection portion 12 is moved to a collection site within a body lumen, such as an esophagus, with the distal end portion 16 in the collapsed or deflated position. The collection portion 12 may be swallowed by a patient. It is also contemplated that the patient may be intubated with the collection portion 12 attached to a catheter. The distal end portion 16 may be held in the collapsed or deflated position by the hinge 30 and/or by applying a vacuum to the collection portion 12 through the support 20. The distal end portion 16 may also be held in the collapsed position by a cap or cover that falls off, pops off and/or dissolves when the collection portion 12 reaches the body lumen. The support member 20 or catheter may have depth markings to determine the collection site within the patient's anatomy. The distal end portion 16 is moved from the collapsed position to the expanded position when the collection portion 12 is at the collection site. A pressurized fluid, such as air, may be applied to the distal end portion 16 to cause the distal end portion to move axially from the collapsed position to the expanded position.

The collection portion 12 is moved in the body lumen to collect a biological sample, such as, tissue, cells, protein, RNA and/or DNA from the collection site when the distal portion is in the expanded position. It is contemplated that the collection portion 12 is only moved in a proximal direction so that the expanded distal end portion 16 engages the collection site to collect biological samples. The depth markings on the support member 20 or catheter may be used as a guide. After the biological sample is collected, the distal end portion 16 is moved from the expanded position to the collapsed or inverted position. The distal end portion 16 may be moved from the expanded position to the collapsed position by applying a vacuum to the collection portion 12. As the collection portion 12 moves out of the body lumen, the distal end portion 16 does not engage the body lumen and prevents the collected biological samples from being contaminated by tissue from areas along the body lumen different from the collection site. Once the collection device 10 is removed from the patient, the biological samples are collected via a wash and/or the collection portion 12 or the distal end portion 16 may be cut from the support member 20 and deposited in a biological sample vial.

A second exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 6. The collection device of FIG. 6 is generally similar to the collection device of FIGS. 1-5. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 110 (FIG. 6) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 112. The collection portion 112 has a first or proximal axial end portion 114 and a second or distal axial end portion 116. The distal axial end portion 116 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 114 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 114 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 114 and the second axial end portion 116 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desired manner.

The proximal axial end portion 114 is connected to a support member 120, such as a catheter. The support member 120 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 112. The proximal end portion 114 conducts fluid, such as air, from the support member 120 to the distal axial end portion 116.

The second or distal end portion 116 of the collection portion 112 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 6) and a collapsed or deflated position similar to the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The distal end portion 116 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 6, when in the expanded or inflated position. The expanded position shown in FIG. 6 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 116. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 116 may expand more than shown in FIG. 6 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example.

The distal end portion 116 extends into the first or proximal end portion 114 and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position. The distal end portion 116 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. Therefore, the distal end portion 116 moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 114 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The shape of the proximal end portion 114 does not change when the distal end portion 116 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 114 does not move radially when the distal end portion 116 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 116 of the collection portion 112 may be connected to the proximal end portion 114 by a circumferentially extending hinge 130. The hinge 130 may be a fold. The hinge 130 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 112. The hinge 130 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 112 when the distal end portion 116 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 116 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 112 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 116 has an outer surface 132 for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 132 of the distal end portion 116 may have a plurality of projections or ribs 140 for collecting biological samples. The ribs 140 extend circumferentially around the distal end portion 116 and may extend generally parallel to each other. Although the outer surface 132 is shown as having seven projections or ribs 140, it is contemplated that the outer surface may have any desired number of ribs. The ribs 140 may extend radially from the outer surface 132 any distance. It is also contemplated that the ribs 140 may extend different distances from the outer surface 132.

A third exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 7. The collection device of FIG. 7 is generally similar to the collection devices of FIGS. 1-6. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 210 (FIG. 7) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 212. The collection portion 212 has a first or proximal axial end portion 214 and a second or distal axial end portion 216. The distal axial end portion 216 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 214 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 214 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 214 and the second axial end portion 216 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desired manner.

The proximal end portion 214 has a fixed radial extent. The proximal axial end portion 214 is connected to a support member 220, such as a catheter. The support member 220 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 212. The proximal axial end portion 214 conducts fluid, such as air, from the support member 20 to the distal axial end portion 216.

The distal end portion 216 of the collection portion 212 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 7) and a collapsed or deflated position similar to the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The expanded position shown in FIG. 7 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 216. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 216 may expand more than shown in FIG. 7 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example. The distal end portion 216 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 7, when in the expanded or inflated position.

The distal end portion 216 extends into the proximal end portion 214 and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position. Therefore, the distal end portion 216 moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 214 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The distal end portion 216 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. The shape of the proximal end portion 214 does not change when the distal end portion 216 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 214 does not move radially when the distal end portion 216 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 216 of the collection portion 212 may be connected to the proximal end portion 214 by a circumferentially extending hinge 230. The hinge 230 may be a fold. The hinge 230 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 212. The hinge 230 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 212 when the distal end portion 216 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 216 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 212 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 216 has an outer surface 232 for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 232 of the distal end portion 216 may have a plurality of projections or bristles 240 for collecting biological samples. The projections 240 have a generally cylindrical shape. The outer surface 232 may have any desired number of projections 240. The projections 240 may extend radially from the outer surface 232 any distance. It is also contemplated that the projections 240 may extend different distances from the outer surface 232. The projections 240 may have any desired diameters and may have different diameters.

A fourth exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9. The collection device of FIGS. 8 and 9 is generally similar to the collection devices of FIGS. 1-7. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 310 (FIGS. 8-9) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending tissue collection portion 312. The collection portion 312 has a first or proximal axial end portion 314 and a second or distal axial end portion 316. The distal axial end portion 316 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 314 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 314 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 314 and the second axial end portion 316 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desired manner.

The proximal end portion 314 has a fixed radial extent. The proximal axial end portion 314 is connected to a support member 320, such as a catheter. The support member 320 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 312. The proximal axial end portion 314 conducts fluid from the support member 320 to the distal axial end portion 316.

The distal end portion 316 of the collection portion 312 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 8) and a collapsed or deflated position similar to the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The expanded position shown in FIG. 8 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 316. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 316 may expand more than shown in FIG. 8 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example. The distal end portion 316 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 8, when in the expanded or inflated position.

The distal end portion 316 extends into the proximal end portion 314 and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position. Therefore, the distal end portion 316 moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 314 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The distal end portion 316 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. The shape of the proximal end portion 314 does not change when the distal end portion 316 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 314 does not move radially when the distal end portion 316 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 316 of the collection portion 312 may be connected to the proximal end portion 314 by a circumferentially extending hinge 330. The hinge 330 may be a fold. The hinge 330 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 312. The hinge 330 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 312 when the distal end portion 316 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 316 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 312 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 316 has an outer surface 332 for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 332 is generally cylindrical. The outer surface 332 has an axially extending surface 334 and an axial end surface 336. The axially extending surface 334 of the outer surface 332 may have a plurality of projections or bristles 340 for collecting tissue. It is contemplated that the axial end surface 336 may also include projections 340.

Each of the projections 340 has a support portion 342 (FIG. 9). The support portion 342 may have a bi-directional curve shape or S-shape extending radially outward from the outer surface 332. A bi-directional curve shaped or S-shaped portion 344 having a cross-section larger than the support portion 342 extends from the support portion, as shown in FIG. 9. The outer surface 332 may have any desired number of projections 340. The projections 340 may extend radially from the outer surface 332 any distance. It is also contemplated that the projections 340 may extend different distances from the outer surface 332.

A fifth exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 10. The collection device of FIG. 10 is generally similar to the collection devices of FIGS. 1-9. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 410 (FIG. 10) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 412. The collection portion 412 has a first or proximal axial end portion 414 and a second or distal axial end portion 416. The distal axial end portion 416 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 414 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 414 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 414 and the second axial end portion 416 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desired manner.

The proximal end portion 414 has a fixed radial extent. The proximal axial end portion 414 is connected to a support member 420, such as a catheter. The support member 420 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 412. The proximal end portion 414 conducts fluid, such as air, from the support member 420 to the distal axial end portion 416.

The distal end portion 416 of the collection portion 412 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 10) and a collapsed or deflated position similar to the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The expanded position shown in FIG. 10 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 416. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 416 may expand more than shown in FIG. 10 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example. The distal end portion 16 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 10, when in the expanded or inflated position.

The distal end portion 416 extends into the proximal end portion and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position. Therefore, the distal end portion 416 moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 414 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The distal end portion 416 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. The shape of the proximal end portion 414 does not change when the distal end portion 416 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 414 does not move radially when the distal end portion 416 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 416 of the collection portion 412 may be connected to the proximal end portion 414 by a circumferentially extending hinge 430. The hinge 430 may be a fold. The hinge 430 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 412. The hinge 430 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 412 when the distal end portion 416 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 416 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 412 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 416 has an outer surface 432 for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 432 of the distal end portion 416 may have a plurality of projections or bristles 440 for collecting biological samples. The projections or bristles 440 may have a V-shape and be generally similar to the V-shaped projections 40 described in connection with the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1-5. Each projection 440 has a side 442 and a second side 444 extending in a generally proximal direction from an intersection 448 when the distal end portion 416 is in the expanded position. Therefore, the first and second sides 442, 444 define a proximally facing cup 450 for receiving collected tissue. The first and second sides 442, 444 extend at an angle to each other. The first and second sides 442, 444 may extend at an angle of approximately 90° relative to each other. It is contemplated that the first and second sides 442 and 444 may extend at any desired angle relative to each other. The desired angle may be determined based on the type of biological sample to be collected.

The distal end portion 416 may include a plurality of projections or bristles 460 extending from a distal portion of the distal end portion 416. The projections 460 have the same general V-shape as the projections 440. The projections 460 are smaller than the projections 440 and are located distally to the projections 440 when the distal end portion 416 is in the expanded position.

A sixth exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 11. The collection device of FIG. 10 is generally similar to the collection devices of FIGS. 1-10. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 510 (FIG. 11) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 512. The collection portion 512 has a first or proximal axial end portion 514 and a second or distal axial end portion 516. The distal axial end portion 516 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 514 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 514 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 514 and the second axial end portion 516 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desired manner.

The proximal end portion 514 has a fixed radial extent. The proximal axial end portion 514 is connected to a support member 520, such as a catheter. The support member 520 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 512. The proximal end portion 514 conducts fluid from the support member 520 to the distal axial end portion 516.

The distal end portion 516 of the collection portion 512 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 11) and a collapsed or deflated position similar to the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The expanded position shown in FIG. 11 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 516. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 516 may expand more than shown in FIG. 11 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example. The distal end portion 16 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 11, when in the expanded or inflated position.

The distal end portion 516 extends into the proximal end portion 514 and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position. Therefore, the distal end portion 516 moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 514 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The distal end portion 516 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. The shape of the proximal end portion 514 does not change when the distal end portion 516 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 514 does not move radially when the distal end portion 516 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 516 of the collection portion 512 may be connected to the proximal end portion 514 by a circumferentially extending hinge 530. The hinge 530 may be a fold. The hinge 530 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 512. The hinge 530 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 512 when the distal end portion 516 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 516 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 512 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 516 has an outer surface 532 for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 532 of the distal end portion 516 may have a plurality of projections or bristles 540 for collecting biological samples. The projections or bristles 540 may have an X-shape. The distal end portion 516 may include a plurality of projections or bristles 560 extending from a distal portion of the distal end portion 516. The projections 560 have the same general X-shape as the projections 540. However, the projections 560 are smaller than the projections 540.

A seventh exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 12. The collection device of FIG. 12 is generally similar to the collection devices of FIGS. 1-11. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 610 (FIG. 12) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 612. The collection portion 612 has a first or proximal axial end portion 614 and a second or distal axial end portion 616. The distal axial end portion 616 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 614 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 614 has a fixed radial extent.

The proximal axial end portion 614 is connected to a support member, such as a catheter. The support member may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 612. The proximal end portion 614 conducts fluid from the support member to the distal end portion 616.

The distal end portion 616 has a first axial end portion 622 connected to the proximal axial end portion 614. The first end portion 622 may be connected to the proximal end portion 614 in any desired manner, such as by using an adhesive. The first axial end portion 622 engages a shoulder 624 on the proximal axial end portion 614. Therefore, the collection portion 612 has a smooth outer surface.

The distal end portion 616 of the collection portion 612 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 12) and a collapsed or deflated position similar to the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The expanded position shown in FIG. 12 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 616. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 616 may expand more than shown in FIG. 12 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example. The distal end portion 16 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 12, when in the expanded or inflated position.

The distal end portion 616 extends into the proximal end portion 614 and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position. Therefore, the distal end portion 616 moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 614 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The distal end portion 616 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. The shape of the proximal end portion 614 does not change when the distal end portion 616 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 614 does not move radially when the distal end portion 616 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 616 of the collection portion 612 may be connected to the proximal end portion 614 at a circumferentially extending hinge 630. The hinge 630 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 612. The hinge 630 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 612 when the distal end portion 616 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 616 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 612 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 616 has an outer surface 632 for collecting biological samples. It is contemplated that the outer surface 632 of the distal end portion 616 may have any desired construction for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 632 of the distal end portion 616 may have a plurality of projections or bristles for collecting biological samples. The projections or bristles may have any desired shape, such as the shapes shown in FIGS. 1-11.

An eighth exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 13-14. The collection device of FIGS. 13-14 is generally similar to the collection devices of FIGS. 1-12. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 710 (FIG. 11) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 712. The collection portion 712 has a first or proximal axial end portion 714 and a second or distal axial end portion 716. The distal axial end portion 716 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 714 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 714 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 714 and the second axial end portion 716 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desired manner.

The proximal end portion 714 has a fixed radial extent. The proximal axial end portion 714 is connected to a support member 720. The support member 720 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 712. The proximal end portion 714 conducts fluid from the support member 720 to the distal end portion 716.

The distal end portion 716 of the collection portion 712 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 13) and a collapsed or deflated position (FIG. 14). The expanded position shown in FIG. 13 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 716. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 716 may expand more than shown in FIG. 13 so that the distal end portion obtains a more spherical shape and looks similar to a hot air balloon, see FIG. 15 for example. The distal end portion 716 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 13, when in the expanded or inflated position.

The distal end portion 716 extends into the proximal end portion 714 and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position, as shown in FIG. 14. The distal end portion 716 only moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 714 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The distal end portion 716 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. The shape of the proximal end portion 714 does not change when the distal end portion 716 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 714 does not move radially when the distal end portion 716 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 716 of the collection portion 712 may be connected to the proximal end portion 714 by a circumferentially extending hinge 730. The hinge 730 may be a fold. The hinge 730 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 712. The hinge 730 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 712 when the distal end portion 716 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 716 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 712 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position.

The distal end portion 716 has an outer surface 732 for collecting biological samples. It is contemplated that the outer surface 732 of the distal end portion 716 may have any desired construction for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 732 of the distal end portion 716 may have a plurality of projections or bristles 740 for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 732 may have any desired number of projections 740.

A ninth exemplary embodiment of a collection device constructed in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 15. The collection device of FIG. 15 is generally similar to the collection device of FIGS. 1-14. Accordingly, similar numerals will be used to describe similar components.

A collection device 810 (FIG. 15) includes a generally hollow longitudinally extending collection portion 812. The collection portion 812 has a first or proximal axial end portion 814 and a second or distal axial end portion 816. The distal axial end portion 816 may expand and contract. The proximal end portion 814 is relatively rigid. Therefore, the proximal end portion 814 has a fixed radial extent. The first axial end portion 814 and the second axial end portion 816 may be integrally formed as one-piece or may be formed as separate pieces that are connected together in any desired manner.

The proximal axial end portion 814 is connected to a support member 820, such as a catheter. The support member 820 may be a tubular member in fluid communication with the interior of the collection portion 812. The proximal end portion 814 conducts fluid, such as air, from the support member 820 to the distal axial end portion 816.

The second or distal end portion 816 of the collection portion 812 has an expanded or inflated position (FIG. 15) and a collapsed or deflated position similar to the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The distal end portion 816 has a convex shape, shown in FIG. 15, when in the expanded or inflated position. The expanded position shown in FIG. 15 may be one of many expanded positions for the distal end portion 816. It is contemplated that the distal end portion 816 may expand less than shown in FIG. 15 so that the distal end portion obtains a more oblong shape and looks similar to the distal end portion 16 shown in FIG. 1.

The distal end portion 816 extends into the first or proximal end portion 814 and has a concave shape when in the collapsed or deflated position. The distal end portion 816 may be biased into the collapsed or deflated position in any desired manner. Therefore, the distal end portion 816 moves axially relative to the proximal end portion 814 when moving between the deflated and inflated positions. The shape of the proximal end portion 814 does not change when the distal end portion 816 moves between the deflated and inflated positions. The proximal end portion 814 does not move radially when the distal end portion 816 moves between the deflated and inflated positions.

The distal end portion 816 of the collection portion 812 may be connected to the proximal end portion 814 by a circumferentially extending hinge 830. The hinge 830 may be a fold. The hinge 830 may extend circumferentially around the collection portion 812. The hinge 830 defines a distal axial end surface of the collection portion 812 when the distal end portion 816 is in the deflated or collapsed position. The distal end portion 816 defines an axial end surface of the collection portion 812 when the distal end portion is in the inflated or expanded position. The distal end portion 816 has an outer surface 832 for collecting biological samples. The outer surface 832 of the distal end portion 816 may have a textured surface or include a plurality of projections or ribs for collecting biological samples.

Each of the collection portions of the described collection devices is moved to a collection site within a body lumen, such as an esophagus, with the distal end portion in the collapsed or deflated position. The collection portion may be swallowed by a patient. The distal end portion may be held in the collapsed or deflated position by the hinge and/or by applying a vacuum to the collection portion through the support. The distal end portion may also be held in the collapsed position by a cap or cover that falls off, pops off and/or dissolves when the collection portion reaches the collection site. The distal end portion is moved from the collapsed position to the expanded position when the collection portion is at the collection site. The collection portion is moved in the body lumen to collect biological samples, such as, tissue, cells, protein, RNA and/or DNA from the collection site when the distal portion is in the expanded position. After the biological sample is collected, the distal end portion is moved from the expanded position to the collapsed position. As the collection portion moves out of the body lumen, the distal end portion does not engage the body lumen and prevents the collected biological samples from being contaminated by tissue from areas along the body lumen different from the collection site.

The collection devices described above may be formed as one-piece or formed as separate pieces that are connected together. Also, it is contemplated that the projections or bristles may have any desired shape. Accordingly, the tissue collection devices may have at least one V-shaped projection and/or at least one circumferentially extending rib and/or at least one cylindrical projection and/or at least one bi-directional curved shaped projection and/or at least one X-shaped projection. It is also contemplated that each of the collection devices may have circumferentially extending ribs extending between adjacent projections.

From the above description of the invention, those skilled in the art will perceive improvements, changes and modifications. Such improvements, changes and modifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A device for collecting a biological sample in a patient, the device comprising a collection portion provided with a size and shape sufficiently dimensioned to be swallowed by the patient, and wherein the collection portion includes a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion, and wherein the first axial end portion is harder than the second axial end portion.
 2. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first and second axial end portions are integrally formed as one-piece.
 3. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first and second axial end portions are formed as separate pieces and connected together.
 4. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first and second axial end portions are connected by a circumferentially extending hinge.
 5. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 1, wherein upon application of a pressurized fluid to the collection portion, the second axial end portion is configured to be actuated from a collapsed position having a first radius to an expanded position having a second radius, and wherein the first axial end portion has a substantially fixed radius.
 6. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 5, wherein upon application of a vacuum pressure to the collection portion, the second axial end portion is configured to be actuated from the expanded position having the second radius to the collapsed position having the first radius.
 7. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 5, wherein the second axial end portion is inverted, at least partially, within the first axial end portion in the collapsed position.
 8. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 1, wherein the second axial end portion includes a plurality of tissue collecting projections.
 9. A biological sample collection device for collecting a biological sample in a lumen of a patient, the device comprising a collection portion provided with a size and shape sufficiently dimensioned to be swallowed by the patient, wherein the collection portion includes a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion, the first axial end portion is more rigid than the second axial end portion such that the first axial end portion has a fixed radial extent.
 10. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 9 wherein the first and second axial end portions are integrally formed as one-piece.
 11. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 9 wherein the first and second axial end portions are formed as separate pieces and connected together.
 12. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 9 wherein the first and second axial end portions are connected by a circumferentially extending hinge.
 13. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 9 wherein the second axial end portion has an outer surface facing radially outwardly when the second axial end portion is in an expanded position, the outer surface facing radially inwardly when the second axial end portion is in a collapsed position.
 14. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 9 wherein the second axial end portion includes a plurality of tissue collecting projections.
 15. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 14 wherein at least one of the plurality of tissue collecting projections has a V-shape.
 16. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 14, wherein circumferentially extending ribs extend between adjacent tissue collecting projections.
 17. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 14, wherein the plurality of tissue collecting projections includes at least one circumferentially extending rib.
 18. A biological sample collection device as set forth in claim 9 wherein the second axial end portion moves relative to the first axial end portion as the second axial end portion moves between a collapsed position and an expanded position.
 19. A device for collecting a biological sample in a patient, the device comprising a collection portion provided with a size and shape sufficiently dimensioned to be swallowed by the patient, the collection portion having a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion; wherein the first axial end portion is more stiff than the second axial end portion such that the first axial end portion is less deformable than the second axial end portion upon application of a fluid pressure or vacuum to an interior of the collection portion.
 20. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 19 wherein the second axial end portion has an outer surface facing radially outwardly when the second axial end portion is in an expanded position, the outer surface facing radially inwardly when the second axial end portion is in a collapsed position.
 21. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 19 wherein the second axial end portion includes a plurality of tissue collecting projections.
 22. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 19 wherein the first and second axial end portions are integrally formed as one-piece.
 23. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 19 wherein the first and second axial end portions are connected by a circumferentially extending hinge.
 24. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 19 wherein the second axial end portion moves relative to the first axial end portion as the second axial end portion moves between a collapsed position and an expanded position.
 25. A device for collecting a sample in a lumen of a patient, the device comprising a collection portion configured to be swallowed by the patient, the collection portion having a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion, wherein the first axial end portion has a first durometer and the second axial end portion has a second durometer.
 26. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 25, wherein the first durometer is greater than the second durometer.
 27. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 25, wherein the first axial end portion has a fixed radial extent, and the second axial end portion having a collapsed position having a first radius and an expanded position having a second radius, and the fixed radial extent is larger than the first radius, and the fixed radial extent is smaller than the second radius.
 28. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 27 wherein upon application of a pressurized fluid to the collection portion, the second axial end portion is configured to be actuated from the collapsed position having the first radius to the expanded position having the second radius.
 29. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 28, wherein the first axial end portion maintains the fixed radial extent upon application of the pressurized fluid to the collection portion and upon application of a vacuum to the collection portion.
 30. A device for collecting a biological sample as set forth in claim 25, wherein the second axial end portion includes a plurality of tissue collecting projections. 